English/history
Final Specs for Sixth-Grade Reports
Saturday, 14 May, 2011
Final Checklist for Sixth-Grade Reports
_____ • Seven reports & notes:
- Jamestown
- Williamsburg
- Famous Person Monument
- War Memorial
- Free Choice #1
- Parody
- Free Choice #2
_____ • Seven pictures (one for each report).
- Please use color in your drawings
- Draw your pictures by hand (as opposed to computer pictures)
_____ • Cover
- Title:
- Name:
- Artwork with color (done by hand)
_____ • Title page
- Title: ….
- Name:
- Publishing Company
- Date: Spring 2009
- Artwork with color (Can use computer picture here)
_____ • Table of Contents
- Typed
-
Artwork
_____ • Dividers
- People vs. Places – include artwork – or
Assigned Topics vs. Topics I Chose, or
Inside DC and Outside DC
_____ • List of Sources
Saturday, May 14, 2011
Thursday, December 2, 2010
Wampanoag Traditional Sewing by Mae Knoll Notrelluf
The Wampanoag Native American tribe lived in the northeastern United States. In this tribe the women were responsible for horticulture, cooking, tanning hides, sewing, basket making and taking care of the children. Of all these chores, making clothing for all members of their tribe was the most important. The women sewed moccasins, leggings, shirts, dresses, gloves, hats, jackets and all other clothing worn.
The Wampanoag had to make all their materials and supplies from everything nature gave them. There were no man-made supplies in their environment. In the process of making clothing, they used deer hide along with other skins, furs, deer bone, quahog shell, bark and antlers, stone scrapers and wood paddles.
Deer hide was the main ingredient in the Wampanoag everyday clothing. When the men came home from hunting the women would scrape off the hair and flesh from the animal skin with scrapers made of deer bone or stone. This would bring them to the hide. The deer hide was tanned with the brain of the animal by wooden paddles, which would spread and stretch the hide and work the brain into it. Once saturated, the tanning was wrung from the hide while stretched and kneaded. Hides were then cut into shape and size of clothing pieces (after there dried out – they need to be hung for a couple of days) with knives made of quahog shell. When the piece was ready, the women would make needles out of deer rib and string made of deer sinew and tendon. For special occasions, clothing might have been decorated with extra fur, beads, stones, etc..
The Wampanoag learned all of these skills from their elders. There is little evidence left of this special, traditional process. Fortunately, there are still bits and pieces of stone and carved bone that can be seen in museums.
The Wampanoag had to make all their materials and supplies from everything nature gave them. There were no man-made supplies in their environment. In the process of making clothing, they used deer hide along with other skins, furs, deer bone, quahog shell, bark and antlers, stone scrapers and wood paddles.
Deer hide was the main ingredient in the Wampanoag everyday clothing. When the men came home from hunting the women would scrape off the hair and flesh from the animal skin with scrapers made of deer bone or stone. This would bring them to the hide. The deer hide was tanned with the brain of the animal by wooden paddles, which would spread and stretch the hide and work the brain into it. Once saturated, the tanning was wrung from the hide while stretched and kneaded. Hides were then cut into shape and size of clothing pieces (after there dried out – they need to be hung for a couple of days) with knives made of quahog shell. When the piece was ready, the women would make needles out of deer rib and string made of deer sinew and tendon. For special occasions, clothing might have been decorated with extra fur, beads, stones, etc..
The Wampanoag learned all of these skills from their elders. There is little evidence left of this special, traditional process. Fortunately, there are still bits and pieces of stone and carved bone that can be seen in museums.
Tuesday, November 30, 2010
People of the Kongo - Abby
I studied the Kongo Kingdom in Central Africa, in the time-frame of 1500-1700. Lets start at the earliest time, 1500. In the 1500 the Kongo was at its best point from a living sort of view. The area spanned at about 115,000 square miles. To understand lots of this paragraph you will need to know how the Kongo’s Government worked. It worked similar to Ancient China’s Government. There was one big king, and he appointed several smaller kings to dictate over different parts of the country. Each smaller area of the Kongo contributed different things. Some dried fish, others made pottery or baskets. So, back to the historical events. Eventually, a Portuguese explorer came to the Kongo and explained his beliefs. The main Kongo King was impressed and he ended up taking up these beliefs. The next king only knew of Christianity, and frowned upon many of the Kongo people who didn’t believe in Christianity. Going back to the Portuguese, many of the African people wondered how they were getting so rich. Some, quite sadly knew the answer. The Portuguese were stealing Africans and bringing them back to Europe as slaves. Those are some cool facts about the Kongo Kingdom, Central Africa.
Kongo by Melanie
Founded by the Bakongo Tribe in the 14th century, the Kongo people lived in West Central Africa near the Atlantic Ocean and the Kongo River. This tribe had an interesting yet violent history. In these paragraphs you will learn about the Bakongo Tribe and its peaceful as well as dangerous past.
The Bakongo Tribe made the most of their surroundings. One of the benefits of living by oceans and rivers is that there are more animals to hunt, so the Kongo People always had food. They also fished for food or ate their domesticated animals if there wasn’t enough game to hunt.
The rivers and oceans were also helpful for transportation by boat. People came by boat to the Kongo Kingdom to trade with the Kongo people. The Europeans and Portuguese traded with them for copper, ivory, and slaves in for jewelry and clothing. The Europeans also brought Christianity and new weapons to the Kongo Kingdom.
The Portuguese originally had a good relationship with the Kingdom of Kongo, but over time, that friendship changed because the Portuguese got greedier and more interested in making money off of the Africans instead of helping them. The slave trade provided the most money for the Portuguese. The Kongo Kingdom’s nearness to the Atlantic Ocean made it the perfect place to capture slaves. Slaves were taken from their prison cells and shipped back to Europe in exchange for goods. When the Europeans got greedier and wanted more slaves, they started convincing innocent people to commit crimes so they would go to prison. This ultimately gave the Europeans more slaves. The population in the Kongo Kingdom decreased and they got weaker, but the Europeans kept on demanding more slaves. When the Kongo Kingdom finally said “no” the Europeans found another way to get slaves from them by attacking and declaring war. The Portuguese started taking people and forcing them to become slaves. From the 1650’s to the 19th century, ten millionslaves were taken from Africa. Out of the eight different parts of Africa that the slaves were taken from, Kongo lead with thirty nine percent, contributing to the million people that were taken. The slaves were sent to sugar, coffee, cotton, and coco plantations. They also worked in the rice fields, construction, mines, and servants in houses.
Before the Kongo Kingdom fell apart, they had a fairly well-organized society. At the top of the Social Hierarchy was the Mani-Kongos or Kings, who ruled the Kongo Kingdom. The next most powerful groups were the Provencial Governers and the Aristocatic. After them came the Village Chiefs, who were in charge of individual villages. The lowest place in the Social Hierarchy were the Villagers, who paid all of the taxes and, in turn, got gifts from the Mani-Kongo.
As you can plainly see the Kongo people survived despite attacks on their country and people. They had a wealth of natural resources, survival techniques and a well-organized society. Despite the troubles in their past they have survived and remain an important part of West Africa.
Rights
Fine arts
Transport
HOUSING
Food
Religion
The Bakongo Tribe made the most of their surroundings. One of the benefits of living by oceans and rivers is that there are more animals to hunt, so the Kongo People always had food. They also fished for food or ate their domesticated animals if there wasn’t enough game to hunt.
The rivers and oceans were also helpful for transportation by boat. People came by boat to the Kongo Kingdom to trade with the Kongo people. The Europeans and Portuguese traded with them for copper, ivory, and slaves in for jewelry and clothing. The Europeans also brought Christianity and new weapons to the Kongo Kingdom.
The Portuguese originally had a good relationship with the Kingdom of Kongo, but over time, that friendship changed because the Portuguese got greedier and more interested in making money off of the Africans instead of helping them. The slave trade provided the most money for the Portuguese. The Kongo Kingdom’s nearness to the Atlantic Ocean made it the perfect place to capture slaves. Slaves were taken from their prison cells and shipped back to Europe in exchange for goods. When the Europeans got greedier and wanted more slaves, they started convincing innocent people to commit crimes so they would go to prison. This ultimately gave the Europeans more slaves. The population in the Kongo Kingdom decreased and they got weaker, but the Europeans kept on demanding more slaves. When the Kongo Kingdom finally said “no” the Europeans found another way to get slaves from them by attacking and declaring war. The Portuguese started taking people and forcing them to become slaves. From the 1650’s to the 19th century, ten millionslaves were taken from Africa. Out of the eight different parts of Africa that the slaves were taken from, Kongo lead with thirty nine percent, contributing to the million people that were taken. The slaves were sent to sugar, coffee, cotton, and coco plantations. They also worked in the rice fields, construction, mines, and servants in houses.
Before the Kongo Kingdom fell apart, they had a fairly well-organized society. At the top of the Social Hierarchy was the Mani-Kongos or Kings, who ruled the Kongo Kingdom. The next most powerful groups were the Provencial Governers and the Aristocatic. After them came the Village Chiefs, who were in charge of individual villages. The lowest place in the Social Hierarchy were the Villagers, who paid all of the taxes and, in turn, got gifts from the Mani-Kongo.
As you can plainly see the Kongo people survived despite attacks on their country and people. They had a wealth of natural resources, survival techniques and a well-organized society. Despite the troubles in their past they have survived and remain an important part of West Africa.
Rights
Fine arts
Transport
HOUSING
Food
Religion
Sunday, November 28, 2010
Yruba People
What I Learned About The Yoruba People
I learned the following about the Yoruba People:
Ajogeebo the Performer
If you mentioned the name Funmi Ojediran (nee Oje) in Oyo, it might not ring a bell. But if you mentioned the name “Ajogeebo”, which means “one who dances before foreigners and taken her dance to foreign land,” everybody would know whom you are talking about.
Funmi Ojediran (nee Oje), is a multi- talented artist, and able to adapt performer. She is a leading promoter of Igba titi music, and dance.
The Igba Dance
Igba titi, is a form of entertainment, which originated from a woman of the Oyo Palace. The Royal wives and princesses (Aya Oba and Omo Oba Obirin), perform this dance mainly to entertain themselves, and at special occasions, such as weddings, naming ceremonies of princes and princesses, the burial of members of the royal family, and on state occasions.
The Instrument
Igba titi musical instruments are made up of hollow wooden mortar filled water, then a hollow calabash is place upside down in the mortar. The player uses a thin stick made from cane to beat the calabash to produce the main beat. Metal rings are worn on the fingers to beat the softer notes.
Performances at the Palace
At the palace, there are always performing artists completing daily performances for the king, and visitors. There are musicians, and drummers who play bata dundun music, dancers, and official praise chanters.
The Compounds
In the Isale Oyo area, there are many compounds where woman make local soap, and cosmetics. The ancient Akesan market near the palace is a place to discover all these, and then some.
The Duundun and Bata Drums
Brass works of many different shapes tied to the duundun, and bata drums, had their origin in old Oyo. As the present Sovereign Head of State reminded, there is old Oyo saying that “Ilu ti ni agogo ide, kose iluwa, ilu ti oni se aworo koso ilu ti wa ide.” “The drum that has no brass bells and other fancy decorations is not ours.”
I learned the following about the Yoruba People:
Ajogeebo the Performer
If you mentioned the name Funmi Ojediran (nee Oje) in Oyo, it might not ring a bell. But if you mentioned the name “Ajogeebo”, which means “one who dances before foreigners and taken her dance to foreign land,” everybody would know whom you are talking about.
Funmi Ojediran (nee Oje), is a multi- talented artist, and able to adapt performer. She is a leading promoter of Igba titi music, and dance.
The Igba Dance
Igba titi, is a form of entertainment, which originated from a woman of the Oyo Palace. The Royal wives and princesses (Aya Oba and Omo Oba Obirin), perform this dance mainly to entertain themselves, and at special occasions, such as weddings, naming ceremonies of princes and princesses, the burial of members of the royal family, and on state occasions.
The Instrument
Igba titi musical instruments are made up of hollow wooden mortar filled water, then a hollow calabash is place upside down in the mortar. The player uses a thin stick made from cane to beat the calabash to produce the main beat. Metal rings are worn on the fingers to beat the softer notes.
Performances at the Palace
At the palace, there are always performing artists completing daily performances for the king, and visitors. There are musicians, and drummers who play bata dundun music, dancers, and official praise chanters.
The Compounds
In the Isale Oyo area, there are many compounds where woman make local soap, and cosmetics. The ancient Akesan market near the palace is a place to discover all these, and then some.
The Duundun and Bata Drums
Brass works of many different shapes tied to the duundun, and bata drums, had their origin in old Oyo. As the present Sovereign Head of State reminded, there is old Oyo saying that “Ilu ti ni agogo ide, kose iluwa, ilu ti oni se aworo koso ilu ti wa ide.” “The drum that has no brass bells and other fancy decorations is not ours.”
Wednesday, November 10, 2010
England: Queens and Clothes
I studied England. The two different topics from England, queens, and clothes.
The first queen I studied was Queen “Bloody” Mary. Mary was crowned queen after her brother Edward died, and her cousin Jane was deposed. Mary was catholic, so when she became queen in 1553 she wanted to bring back Roman Catholicism. There were protesters to Mary’s beliefs. Mary would burn anyone who protested against her.
Mary married a man named Phillip II of Spain. Phillip left Mary when he found out she couldn’t have a baby.
Later on Mary died of cancer at age 42, and her sister Elizabeth took over after her.
When Elizabeth was queen it was known as the Golden Age. Elizabeth was the daughter of King Henry VIII, and the sister of Mary. The people loved her. The people surrounding her wanted her executed, but the people who didn’t know her liked her being queen. She was put on the throne in 1559. She excepted Catholic Churches. Elizabeth believed that women should have just as much power as men.
I also studied clothes. I learned that men wore knee length trousers called breeches, and linen shirts. Men also wore their hair long and had beards. Women wore a nightgown called a shift with a long dress over it. The women's dresses were in two parts. The parts were called the bodice and the skirt. In the late 17th century, the men wore a three piece suit, and did not wear knickers. In the mid 17th century, women wore black patches on their faces that were crescent moons or little stars. Women wore frames for their skirts, and the frames were made from whale bone. Frames are put under a women's dress to make it puff out.
That is what I learned about England.
By Claire
The first queen I studied was Queen “Bloody” Mary. Mary was crowned queen after her brother Edward died, and her cousin Jane was deposed. Mary was catholic, so when she became queen in 1553 she wanted to bring back Roman Catholicism. There were protesters to Mary’s beliefs. Mary would burn anyone who protested against her.
Mary married a man named Phillip II of Spain. Phillip left Mary when he found out she couldn’t have a baby.
Later on Mary died of cancer at age 42, and her sister Elizabeth took over after her.
When Elizabeth was queen it was known as the Golden Age. Elizabeth was the daughter of King Henry VIII, and the sister of Mary. The people loved her. The people surrounding her wanted her executed, but the people who didn’t know her liked her being queen. She was put on the throne in 1559. She excepted Catholic Churches. Elizabeth believed that women should have just as much power as men.
I also studied clothes. I learned that men wore knee length trousers called breeches, and linen shirts. Men also wore their hair long and had beards. Women wore a nightgown called a shift with a long dress over it. The women's dresses were in two parts. The parts were called the bodice and the skirt. In the late 17th century, the men wore a three piece suit, and did not wear knickers. In the mid 17th century, women wore black patches on their faces that were crescent moons or little stars. Women wore frames for their skirts, and the frames were made from whale bone. Frames are put under a women's dress to make it puff out.
That is what I learned about England.
By Claire
Central Africa Food, By Layla
Central Africa Food
Layla
The animals that were hunted were not domestic, so they hunted practically anything.
The food that they hunted was not domestic, making it harder to find food in the
Winter. The climate was a big part of there lives, if it got to cold then the
animals would move to try to go to a hotter place, or (vice versa) so the people would
have to follow them to survive. Some of the animals that they had then for food are
extinct now because they were a huge food source.
Hunting back then was mostly small game rabbits, pheasants, geese, ducks, etc.
But sometimes hunters brought back big game like bears, elk, etc.. Central Africa is not
really like this anymore, though some people still hunt for food.
Sadly, back then people started hunting elephants for their tusk’s that are made of
Ivory it is illegal now but tragically people still do it. Gladly people are trying to stop
poachers from doing it. So please try to stop people from doing this.
Layla
The animals that were hunted were not domestic, so they hunted practically anything.
The food that they hunted was not domestic, making it harder to find food in the
Winter. The climate was a big part of there lives, if it got to cold then the
animals would move to try to go to a hotter place, or (vice versa) so the people would
have to follow them to survive. Some of the animals that they had then for food are
extinct now because they were a huge food source.
Hunting back then was mostly small game rabbits, pheasants, geese, ducks, etc.
But sometimes hunters brought back big game like bears, elk, etc.. Central Africa is not
really like this anymore, though some people still hunt for food.
Sadly, back then people started hunting elephants for their tusk’s that are made of
Ivory it is illegal now but tragically people still do it. Gladly people are trying to stop
poachers from doing it. So please try to stop people from doing this.
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